There are also several smaller lakes, such as Darbandikhan Lake and Duhok Lake. The western and southern parts of Iraqi Kurdistan are not as mountainous as the east. Instead, it is rolling hills and plains vegetated by sclerophyll scrubland.[citation needed]

^ ناسا: قەڵای هەولێر کۆنترین شوێنە لە جیهان تاکو ئێستا ژیانی تێدا بێت ^ «قەڵای هەولێر بووە یەكێك لەشاكارە مرۆییەكانی جیهان». . لە ١٥ی تەممووزی ٢٠٢٣ ھێنراوە.

After 1996, 13% of the Iraqi oil sales were allocated for Iraqi Kurdistan and this led to relative prosperity in the region.[89] In return, the Kurds under KDP enabled Saddam to establish an oil smuggling route through territory controlled by the KDP, with the active involvement ofwel senior Barzani family members. The taxation ofwel this trade at the crossing point between Saddam's territory and Kurdish controlled territory and then into Turkey, along with associated diensten revenue, meant that whoever controlled Dohuk and Zakho had the potential to earn several million dollars a week.

Two books with sketch grammars, text collections and lexica, based on the language of two villages in Iran, Gawraju and Zarde

هەروەها پارێزگای هەولێر بە بڕی ١٣ ملیۆن دۆلاری ئەمریکی پارەی پڕۆژەی نۆژەنکردنەوەی قەڵاکە دابین دەکات.[١٨] کارەکانی نۆژەنکردنەوەی قەڵاکە لە مانگی حوزەیرانی ٢٠١٠ دەستی پێکرد.قەڵاکە لە ٢١ی حوزەیرانی ٢٠١٤ لە لیستی میراتی جیھانیی یوونێسکۆ تۆمارکرا،[١٩][٢٠] لە مانگی یەکی ساڵی ٢٠١٧ یوونێسکۆ ئاماژەی بەوەدا بەهۆی کەمتەرخەمی و خاوی لە نۆژەنکردنەوەی قەلاکە،دەتوانرێت ئەو شوێنە لە لیستەکەدا لاببرێت.[٢١][٢٢]

Violence and instability in Iraq following the removal of Saddam Hussein and in Syria following the outbreak ofwel civil war in 2011 threatened the security ofwel Kurdish communities but also offered new opportunities for Kurds to advance their claims to autonomy. The primary threat to Kurds was ISIL, which captured and occupied territory adjacent to Kurdish areas in Iraq and Syria beginning in 2013. Kurdish fighters in northern Syria entered into heavy fighting with ISIL and quickly proved to be some ofwel the most effective ground forces against the group.

Shah Abbas forcibly depopulated much of the Kurdish lands ahead ofwel the Ottoman expansion. He made it lucrative and prestigious for Kurds to become military conscripts, and raised an army ofwel tens of thousands of predominantly Kurdish soldiers. Abbas Best Kurd also razed villages to the ground and marched the people into the Persian heartland.[60]

Wij also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this webshop. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to opt-out ofwel these cookies. But opting out ofwel some ofwel these cookies may affect your browsing experience.

Kurdish culture is a group ofwel distinctive cultural traits practiced by Kurdish people. The Kurdish culture is a legacy from the various ancient peoples who shaped modern Kurds and their society, but primarily Iranian.

The large Kurdish town of Qala Dizeh (population 70,000) was completely destroyed by the Iraqi army. The campaign also included Arabization ofwel Kirkuk, a program to drive Kurds and other ethnic groups out ofwel the oil-rich city and replace them with Arab settlers from central and southern Iraq.[84]

Politieke tegenstanders over Saddam geraken gevangen genomen en gemarteld in dit rooie gebouw, een beruchte gevangenis.

Ons bekende religieuze minderheid binnen een Koerdische populatie zijn de jezidi’s. In een zomer van 2014 aankomen zij in dit nieuws, omdat ze via Kan zijn verdreven worden uit Noord-Irak. Veel jezidi’s vluchten naar dit Sinjargebergte, maar Kan zijn omsingelt hen en de vluchtelingen uithangen dagenlang in verzengende hitte vast.

Sedertdien wint Iraaks-Koerdistan beetje bij beetje met autonomie, betreffende mits grote politieke kwestie de status over de oliestad Kirkoek, welke formeel buiten een Koerdische gewest valt doch er geoorloofd bij aan zal sluiten. Iraaks-Koerdistan bezit de klaar jaren wereldwijd diplomatieke banden aangeknoopt, met mits een betreffende een belangrijkste landen buurland Turkije.

وێبگەکە لە ڕیزی جیھانیدا و بەپێی ئامارەکانی ماڵپەڕی ئەلێکسا لە پلەی #٣٨٬٣٥١ دێت، و لە ناوخۆی عێراقیش لە پلەی #١٩ دێت[٤]، وە ھەروەھا لەسەر ئاستی کوردستانیش لە پلەی ٥ ھەمدایە بەپێێ دواین ڕیزبەندی.